Through what ways are epidemic diseases spread in the modern world?

Epidemics are one of the most lethal occurrences in the world, having massive impacts on society both in the past and in the modern world. Epidemic is a rapid spread of an infectious disease in a small area. Some of the most impactful epidemics that occurred throughout history are : The Black Death, HIV/AIDS pandemic, Plague of Justinian, etc. Many epidemics have proven to be deadly and are very hard to deal with and often there is no known cure for it. There a few ways an infection can spread and us knowing them will help to prevent an epidemic

One of the most common ways for an infectious disease to spread is through the air by droplets, which contain pathogens, and by aerosol particles. Due to their rather large size, the droplets travel a short distance (around 1 meter) before falling. They are spread when a person with a disease sneezes, coughs or talks around other people. Some diseases that are spread by droplets are: common cold, flu and meningococcus. The other way for infections to spread by air is by aerosol particles. They are incredibly tiny particles released into the air by breathes, coughs or sneezes and as a result, they can travel extremely long distances utilizing air currents and remain in the air for hours until a person breathes them in and gets infected with a disease. Some notable diseases spread around by aerosol particles are chickenpox, tuberculosis and measles.